Given a = b, a3 − b3 =19x3, and a − b = x. We need to find a in terms of x because that is the form of all the given answers. Therefore, b must go, and so we note that b = a − x. We next take a deep breath.
a3 − b3 19x30=(a − b)(a2 + ab + b2)= x (a2 + a (a − x)+(a − x)2)= x (a2 + a2 − ax + a2 −2ax +x2)= x (3a2 −3ax + x2)= 3a2x −3ax2 + x3=3a2x −3ax2 −18x3=3x (a2 − ax −6x2)=3x (a−3x)(a +2x)
So a =3x or a =−2x. This is answer (b). Whew.